摘要
隨著電子技術的發(fā)展，單片機以其體積小、功能強、功耗低的特點得到了廣泛的應用。本著實用、可靠、安全、簡潔及經濟等原則，本課題將應用單片機ATmega128和一些常用器件構建一個輸油管道監(jiān)測信號采集統(tǒng)：對從傳感器獲取的壓力、流量及溫度信號進行采集，并將所測信號的數據進行實時顯示、發(fā)送。本系統(tǒng)可對管道進行監(jiān)測，以防止管道由于長時間腐蝕、磨損、壓力等原因會產生一些損傷。本文首先對單片機應用系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)流程及AVR單片機的開發(fā)環(huán)境進行了簡單的介紹，隨后對輸油管道監(jiān)測信號采集系統(tǒng)的硬件部分進行了分析，最后對此系統(tǒng)的軟件部分進行了詳盡的設計。

關鍵字：單片機；數據采集系統(tǒng)；串行通信；ATmega128；usart；顯示
 
ABSTRACT
Beeause of its economieal，effeetive and safe characteristies，pipeline is one of the important means of transportation，especially in the petrochemil and natural gas industry. The pipeline may have defects beeause of the long time erosion，abrasion and high pressure. So the piprline must be monitored.
With the development of electronic technology, SCM has been widely used because of its small size,strong function,the characteristics of low power consumption.Taking practical, reliable, safe, simple and economic principles into consideration,this issue will build a signal acquisition system monitoring pipelines based on ATmega128 microcontroller.This systerm not only acquires pressure、flow and temperature signals from sensors,but also makes the measured data show and send.In this paper, the SCM application system development process and AVR microcontroller development environment are made a brief introduction, and then the hardware part of a signal acquisition system monitoring pipelines is analysed. Finally the software part of this systerm is designed detailedly.

Keywords: SCM; data acquisition system; serial communication; ATmega128; usart
 
目錄
第1章 前言 1
1.1課題研究的背景 1
1.2課題研究的目的及意義 1
第2章 單片機應用系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)方法 2
2.1單片機應用系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)流程 2
2.1.1確定系統(tǒng)的功能與性能 2
2.1.2確定系統(tǒng)基本結構 3
2.1.3 硬件設計 3
2.1.4 軟件設計 4
2.1.5 硬件調試、軟件調試 5
2.2數據采集系統(tǒng)簡單介紹 7
2.3 AVR單片機的嵌入式系統(tǒng)開發(fā)工具 9
2.4單片機ATmega128介紹 9
2.4.1單片機ATmega128簡介 9
2.4.2 ATmega128的特點 10
第3章 系統(tǒng)硬件設計 11
3.1 系統(tǒng)硬件總體設計 11
3.1.1硬件任務 11
3.1.2系統(tǒng)總體框圖 11
3．2 系統(tǒng)硬件各功能模塊構建 12
3.2.1 壓力信號采集模塊 12
3.2.2 流量信號采集模塊 13
3.2.3溫度信號采集模塊 13
3.2.4 通信模塊 14
3.2.5 顯示模塊 15
3.2.6 電源模塊 15
3.2.7 時鐘模塊 16
第4章 系統(tǒng)軟件設計 17
4.1系統(tǒng)軟件總體設計 17
4.1.1軟件任務 17
4.1.2系統(tǒng)軟件總體介紹 17
4.1.3軟件的變量定義及函數聲明 18
4.1.4初始化函數 20
4.1.5定時一秒的實現 21
4.2系統(tǒng)軟件各功能模塊設計 24
4.2.1壓力信號采集及處理模塊 24
4.2.2流量信號采集及處理模塊 27
4.2.3溫度信號采集及處理模塊 29
4.2.4數據發(fā)送通信模塊  31
4.2.5 LCD顯示模塊 36
第5章 結論 41
致謝 42
參考文獻 43