基于.NET的ORM框架設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)
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摘 要
目前，ORM技術(shù)已成為軟件工程領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)研究熱點(diǎn)，ORM的應(yīng)用能極大的降低業(yè)務(wù)層和數(shù)據(jù)層的耦合度，提高系統(tǒng)的可擴(kuò)展性、可維護(hù)性和項(xiàng)目的開(kāi)發(fā)效率，最主要的是它使面向?qū)ο蟮乃枷胴灤┯谲浖?xiàng)目的設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)象模型向關(guān)系模型的轉(zhuǎn)化及數(shù)據(jù)持久化操作的透明性。
本設(shè)計(jì)通過(guò)研究關(guān)系模型和對(duì)象模型的概念、組成及各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，分析出兩種模型間存在的阻抗不匹配問(wèn)題及問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因；探討基于.NET的ORM框架設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)有的組成部分及其實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。初步實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)基于.NET的ORM框架——TCORM，在該框架中實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼生成器、持久化API和對(duì)象關(guān)系映射原則三個(gè)部分；在“湖南大學(xué)離退休信息管理系統(tǒng)”開(kāi)發(fā)中引入TCORM框架后，使系統(tǒng)以面向?qū)ο蟮姆椒ㄟM(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)，其數(shù)據(jù)持久化操作完全透明化，驗(yàn)證出TCORM框架的可行性和實(shí)用性。
本文詳細(xì)敘述設(shè)計(jì)者對(duì)關(guān)系模型和對(duì)象模型的研究成果和對(duì)基于.NET的ORM框架設(shè)計(jì)的研究成果；概述TCORM的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)和具體實(shí)現(xiàn)，并展示TCORM框架在“湖南大學(xué)離退休信息管理系統(tǒng)”項(xiàng)目開(kāi)發(fā)中的運(yùn)用。

關(guān)鍵字：對(duì)象關(guān)系映射，持久化，ORM，對(duì)象模型



The discuss and realize of ORM Framework based on .NET


Abstract
Nowadays, the Object Relational Mapping(ORM) has become a new hotspot in the field of software engineering. The application of ORM can greatly reduce the coupling degree between the business layer and the data layer , and improve the system’s scalability and maintainability. At the same time, the efficiency of development is also improved. Using ORM Framework in application is equal to erecting a bridge between relational model and object model. It can free developers from rudimentary and repeated work, and make them have more time to pay attention to the real commercial demand.
The content of this design is to research the concept , theoretical foundation of the object model and the relational model, and analyze the reason which cause "impedance mismatch" between the two models; Moreover, the theoretical technology about how to realize the ORM Framework based on .NET and the components of ORM Framework are discussed; What's more, an ORM Framework based on .NET——TCORM has been realized, which comprises a code-generator, persistent API and a rule of object relational mapping; At last, the TCORM Framework was used in the development of "Retire management system of Hunan University" to validate its feasibility and practicability.
The paper describes the research results in detail and summarizes the detailed design and realization of TCORM, then shows its application in "Retire management system of Hunan University".
Key Words: object relational mapping, Persistence, ORM, Object model



目 錄
1．緒論 1
1.1課題背景及意義 1
1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3 ORM相關(guān)產(chǎn)品簡(jiǎn)介 2
1.3.1 ObjectSpaces 2
1.3.2 NHibernate 2
1.3.3 XPO 3
1.4 論文構(gòu)成及主要內(nèi)容 3
1.5 本設(shè)計(jì)的主要成果 3
2．相關(guān)模型的研究 4
2.1關(guān)系模型 4
2.1.1關(guān)系模型的相關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)理論 4
2.1.2關(guān)系模型的構(gòu)成 4
2.1.3關(guān)系模型的優(yōu)勢(shì)與局限性 4
2.2 對(duì)象模型 5
2.2.1 對(duì)象模型的相關(guān)理論 5
2.2.2 對(duì)象模型的構(gòu)成 5
2.2.3 對(duì)象模型的優(yōu)勢(shì)和局限性 5
2.3 阻抗不匹配問(wèn)題 6
2.3.1阻抗不匹配問(wèn)題的由來(lái) 6
2.3.2產(chǎn)生阻抗不匹配問(wèn)題的原因 6
3．ORM框架的組成及實(shí)現(xiàn)方法 7
3.1 對(duì)象關(guān)系映射原則和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法 7
3.1.1 結(jié)構(gòu)映射 7
3.1.2關(guān)系映射 8
3.2對(duì)持久類(lèi)對(duì)象進(jìn)行CRUD操作的API 10
3.2.1新增 11
3.2.2選擇 11
3.2.3刪除 11
2.3.4修改 12
3.3代碼生成器 12
3.4 面向?qū)ο蟮牟樵?xún)語(yǔ)句 12
4．TCORM框架的設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn) 13
4.1 TCORM框架的設(shè)計(jì)總述 13
4.2 TCORM框架的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.2.1對(duì)象關(guān)系映射的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) 13
4.2.2 持久化API的設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.2.3代碼生成器（TCCreator）的設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.3 TCORM框架的具體實(shí)現(xiàn) 20
4.3.1開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境介紹 20
4.3.2 TCORM框架的具體實(shí)現(xiàn) 21
5．TCORM框架在項(xiàng)目中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用 23
5.1運(yùn)用描述 23
5.2相關(guān)配置 23
5.2.1架構(gòu)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 23
5.2.2 配置映射文件路徑 23
5.2.3 編寫(xiě)實(shí)體類(lèi)和映射文件 23
5.2.4編寫(xiě)代碼 25
結(jié)論與展望 31
致 謝 32
參考書(shū)目 33



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