物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全與隱私問(wèn)題探究

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摘要 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Internet of Things)被預(yù)言為繼互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之后全球信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的又一次科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)浪潮，受到各國(guó)政府、企業(yè)和學(xué)術(shù)界的重視，美國(guó)、歐盟、日本等甚至將其納入國(guó)家和區(qū)域信息化戰(zhàn)略。我國(guó)早在99年就啟動(dòng)了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)核心傳感網(wǎng)技術(shù)研究，發(fā)展物聯(lián)網(wǎng)也早已提升到國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略的高度。隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的逐漸普及與實(shí)際應(yīng)用，其在帶來(lái)方便快捷的同時(shí)，安全與隱私問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越引起人們的關(guān)注，甚至能左右各個(gè)國(guó)家的戰(zhàn)略地位，該問(wèn)題的重要性不言而喻。
從物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的信息處理過(guò)程來(lái)看，感知信息經(jīng)過(guò)采集、匯聚、融合、傳輸、決策與控制等過(guò)程，整個(gè)信息處理的過(guò)程體現(xiàn)了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的特征與要求，也揭示了所面臨的安全問(wèn)題。一是感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)的信息采集、傳輸與信息安全問(wèn)題。二是核心網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸與信息安全問(wèn)題。三是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)的安全問(wèn)題。本文根據(jù)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全特征，重點(diǎn)分析了感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息采集，傳輸?shù)倪^(guò)程所存在的安全問(wèn)題，并提出了相應(yīng)的安全策略。
RFID（射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)）作為物品傳遞自身信息的途徑，是一種高級(jí)的非接觸式識(shí)別技術(shù)。它具有其優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)條碼的幾個(gè)特性，一是無(wú)需“可視”讀取，實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離自動(dòng)識(shí)別，避免了人工干預(yù)，特別是在惡劣環(huán)境條件下。二是兼可識(shí)別靜比、運(yùn)動(dòng)的物品。三是能夠同時(shí)識(shí)別多個(gè)標(biāo)簽，提高識(shí)別效率。作為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的重要組成部分，其安全問(wèn)題也是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全問(wèn)題的一部分。本文分析了RFID的結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理，對(duì)RFID所面臨的安全問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入探究。
本文列出了幾種比較流行的密碼體制，也分析了其特點(diǎn)。為了解決RFID系統(tǒng)的安全和成本問(wèn)題，本文提出了一種基于超橢圓曲線密碼體制的RFID安全協(xié)議。利用新的簽密算法，在RFID閱讀器和電子標(biāo)簽之間實(shí)現(xiàn)了信息的加密和認(rèn)證。與現(xiàn)有的簽密算法比較，該協(xié)議具有前向安全和可公開(kāi)驗(yàn)證，能避免惡意信息的攻擊。協(xié)議的安全性和性能分析結(jié)果表明，該協(xié)議達(dá)到了RFID系統(tǒng)高隱私安全和低標(biāo)簽成本的結(jié)合。
關(guān)鍵詞：物聯(lián)網(wǎng) 安全 RFID 超橢圓曲線密碼體制

Security and Privacy Issues of the Internet of Things
Abstract IOT (Internet of Things) is predicted to continue another wave of the global information technology industry and economy after the Internet, also be much accounted of governments, enterprises and academic. The United States, European Union, Japan, and even bring it into their national and regional information strategy. In the early 1999, our country started the physical sensor network research core networking technologies, the development of things have long been elevated to the national strategy. With the increasing popularity and the practical application of things, which brings convenience at the same time, security and privacy issues are increasingly a cause for concern, even about each country's strategic position, the importance of the problem is self-evident.
Things from the information processing point of view, the perception of information through the collection, aggregation, integration, transmission, and other decision-making and control process, the whole process of information processing in networking security reflects the characteristics and requirements, but also reveals the security problems faced by . The first one is perception of information collection, transmission network and information security problems. The second one is transmission and core network information security problems. The third one is security networking business. Based on the security features of things, analyzes the security-aware network information collection, transmission of the existence of the process, and the corresponding security policy.
RFID (radio frequency identification system) as the goods pass its own way of information, is an advanced non-contact identification technology. It is superior to the conventional bar code has its several features, one without "visible" Read achieve remote automatic recognition to avoid manual intervention, especially in harsh environmental conditions. Secondly is can recognizable items whet. Thirdly is can simultaneously identify multiple tags, to improve recognition efficiency. As an important part of things, its security issues are also part of the security issues of things. This paper analyzes the structure and working principle of RFID, RFID security issues faced by in-depth inquiry.
This article lists some of the popular cryptosystem and analyzes the characteristics.To solve cost and security problems of RFID system，an RFID security protocol based on hyperelliptic curve cryptosystem is proposed. The protocol realizes encryption and certification of data between RFID tag and reader by using new signcryption. The new protocol has the capability of forward secrecy and public verifiability and avoids the attack of evil information compared with the exciting signcryption. The security and performance of the protocol is analyzed, results prove that the new protocol achieves the integration of low tag cost and high security of RFID system.
Key words:Internet of things Security RFID Hyperelliptic curve cryptosystem

目 錄
第一章 緒論 6
1.1物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全與隱私課題研究的相關(guān)內(nèi)容和意義 6
1.2物聯(lián)網(wǎng)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 8
1.3本篇文章的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容與組織結(jié)構(gòu) 11
第二..