CA6DL2 SCR催化轉化器結構可行性研究

19700字 47頁

摘要
目前在商用車滿足更嚴格的排放法規(guī)的技術路線中，目前國際上普遍采用如下的兩種技術路線：一是通過燃燒系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化降低機內顆粒物的生成，然后采用選擇性催化還原（SCR）后處理器技術降低NOx的排放；二是通過廢棄再循環(huán)（EGR）降低機內NOx生成量，然后采用顆粒物后處理技術降低顆粒物排放。
由于我國排放法規(guī)體系等效采用歐洲法規(guī)體系，考慮到我國的國情和技術的移植便利性，我國各主要整車廠和柴油機企業(yè)也傾向于采用SCR技術作為滿足未來更嚴格排放要求的主要技術措施。目前，雖然國內幾家主要車用柴油機企業(yè)已經在柴油機領域開展了SCR技術的研究，但基本上以國外技術引進應用為主，核心技術仍主要掌握在國外相關廠家手中，這成為我國該技術推廣和應用的主要瓶頸，而我國隨著道路運輸的快速增長，車用柴油機需求量也正在迅速增加，其污染物的治理刻不容緩，急需成本低廉、性能高效的SCR排氣后處理技術和裝置。因此，有關SCR技術的國產化研究日益緊迫，對于SCR技術從催化劑性能研究、催化轉化器優(yōu)化設計到尿素噴射系統(tǒng)的控制策略的研究與應用、OBD系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)和標定，再到整個系統(tǒng)在整車上的集成和匹配應用的研究非常必要。
本文簡單介紹CA6DL2（8.6L）SCR催化轉化器的結構，詳細地對相關的試驗驗證SCR催化轉化器結構的合理性做了說明。研究結果對滿足國Ⅳ排放的商用柴油機具有一定的參考價值，對我國降低商用柴油機排放、減少大氣污染具有現實的社會意義。
關鍵詞：車用柴油機；選擇性催化還原；試驗驗證




ABSTRACT
In all the technology routes studied by diesel engine manufacturers to deal with more stringent emission regulations two methods are concluded ,which one is reducing NOx emissions with SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)technology on the basis of combustion optimization for diesel engines to reduce PM ,and the other to debase NOx emissions with EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation)and PM with DPF.
Due to our emission standard system is equivalent to the Europe standard system, in view of China’s conditions and the convenience of technology explanting, manufacturers of vehicle and diesel engine are inclined to adopting the SCR technology as the major technology to meet the more stringent exhaust emission standards in future .However, the study about Urea-SCR technology is not self-dependent currently in our country although the native manufacturers have been starting the application in SCR technology on heavy-duty diesel engines .Due to the key technology and patents for SCR system which are held by manufacturers abroad ,they have been becoming the bottle-neck of the SCR technology extending and application in China .With the diesel vehicles are increasing significantly in our country ,it is very urgent to reduce the pollutants from vehicles , and it has a rapidly increasing demand of the advanced SCR catalysts .Therefore ,it is urgent for the domestic research of the relative SCR technology and is necessary to have a totally understand of them to prepare for the further study and domestically manufacture . So, it is more and more necessary to research the SCR technology, from the catalyst, the catalyst box design , the urea dosing control strategy and the OBD system, to the entire system in the vehicle integrating and matching.
The paper simply introduces the structure of CA6DL2（8.6L）the SCR catalytic converter , but the detail of relevant test the rationality of the structure of SCR catalytic converter .The results of the study on four commercial diesel engine emissions to meet countries have a certain reference value ,to our country commercial diesel engine emissions reduction ,to reduce atmospheric pollution has realistic social significance.
Key words: heavy-duty diesel engines; selective catalytic reduction; test


目錄
第一章 緒論 5
1.1 研究背景 5
1.2 降低柴油機排氣污染物的技術途徑 7
1.3 當前柴油機排氣污染物控制的主要技術路線 9
1.4 SCR技術的發(fā)展和研究現狀 11
1.4.1 SCR技術的介紹 11
1.4.2 SCR技術國外研究及應用現狀 12
1.4.3 SCR技術國內研究及應用現狀 12
1.5 課題的提出和內容 13
1.6 本章小結 14
第二章 SCR催化轉化器結構設計概述 15
2.1 SCR催化轉化器的優(yōu)化設計計算思路 15
2.2 SCR催化轉化器結構設計及優(yōu)化方案 16
2.3 CA6DL2 SCR催化轉化器的結構介紹 17
2.3.1 SCR催化轉化器箱式結構 17
2.3.2 SCR 催化轉化器筒式結構 18
2.4 襯墊的介紹和特性 18
2.4.1 襯墊的介紹 18
2.4.2 襯墊的特性 20
2.5 本章小結 21
第三章 CA6DL2 SCR催化轉化器結構合理性試驗驗證 22
3.1 背壓試驗 22
3.1.1 柴油機排氣背壓對性能的影響 22
3.1.2 試驗目的 23
3.1.3研究對象 23
3.1.4 試驗裝置 23
3.1.5 CFD計算分析及試驗數據對比分析 24
3.1.6 結論 30
3.2軸向推力試驗 31
3.2.1試驗的目的 31
3.2.2試驗裝置 31
3.2.3試驗規(guī)范 32
3.2.4研究對象 32
3.2.5設計目標 33
3.2.6試驗結果與分析 33
3.2.7試驗結論 35
3.3振動試驗 35
3.3.1試驗目的 35
3.3.2試驗裝置 36
3.3.3試驗規(guī)范 36
3.3.4研究對象 38
3.3.5設計目標 39
3.3.6振動試驗工裝夾具 40
3.3.7試驗結果與分析 41
3.3.8試驗結論 42
3.4本章小結 43
第四章 全文總結和工作展望 44
4.1全文總結 44
4.2工作展望 45
參考文獻 46
致謝 47