高速透氣閥設(shè)計
High velocity Pressure/Vacuum values design

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摘要 高速透氣壓力、真空閥是移動式大型油罐必須裝備的壓力/真空閥，用于透氣、驅(qū)氣、除氣和通氣，釋放貨油艙內(nèi)由于溫度變化、罐體搖晃、運輸介質(zhì)揮發(fā)而引起的壓力。在船舶航行、車輛行駛過程中，高速透氣閥能自動調(diào)節(jié)貨油倉內(nèi)的壓力波動；在裝油和壓載作業(yè)工況下，高速透氣閥能使艙內(nèi)的可燃介質(zhì)蒸汽/空氣混合物以大于30m/s的速度垂直向上排至高空消散；在卸貨作業(yè)工況下，高速透氣閥能安全地向艙內(nèi)補充空氣，不致使艙內(nèi)形成真空而影響卸貨。
本文總結(jié)了閥門行業(yè)及高速透氣閥的國內(nèi)外研究狀況，并歸納了油船透氣系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計及透氣閥選型方法，并以給定參數(shù)做了實例計算。同時對壓力閥進行了強度校核和啟閉特性的研究。
關(guān)鍵字：高速透氣閥 設(shè)計 計算 強度校 啟閉特性




High velocity Pressure/Vacuum values design
Abstract Cargo tank’s high velocity relief valves are Pressure/Vacuum valves that must be equipped in controlled ventilating system, can release the pressure and vacuum in cargo tanks to make sure they have a suitable pressure in the process of loading and unloading. The high velocity relief valves’ working performance and reliability are very important in ensuring the safety of the tanks and oil storage. To ensure safety, the valve must be opened under certain pressure value, the emission of gas must discharge vertically upwards and have enough high speed to prevent dangerous gas from staying on the deck, the stability in opening and closing process also must be ensured.
This paper firstly summarized the research status of the valve industry and the high velocity relief valve, then introduced design method of the ventilating system and how to select the high velocity relief valve and also did the calculation of given parameter . According to this, intensity check of high velocity value were carried out. At the same time, analysis of the pressure valve on-off characteristic under the condition of gravity control were carried out.
Key words: High velocity Pressure/Vacuum values Design Calculation Intensity Check On-off Characteristic




目 錄
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 閥門的概念、分類及國內(nèi)外發(fā)展概況 1
1.2 高速透氣閥的研究原理與發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 5
第二章 油船透氣系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計及透氣閥選型 9
2.1 油船透氣系統(tǒng)的功能 9
2.2 油船透氣系統(tǒng)的樣式和組成 11
2.3 透氣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計和透氣閥的選型 12
2.3.1 了解船舶相關(guān)參數(shù) 12
2.3.2 液貨艙設(shè)計壓力和高速壓力閥整定壓力的確定 12
2.3.3 高速壓力/真空閥透氣容積速率計算 12
2.3.4 高速壓力閥內(nèi)徑計算 13
2.3.5 初選透氣管路 13
2.3.6 管路沿程壓力降計算 13
2.3.7 管路總壓力降計算 14
2.3.8 油艙內(nèi)總壓力和計算 14
2.3.9 計算結(jié)論 14
第三章 壓力閥閥體強度校核和啟閉特性 16
3.1 壓力閥強度校核 16
3.1.1 壓力閥閥體的強度校核 16
3.1.2 壓力閥螺栓連接強度校核 16
3.2 只有重力控制情況下的壓力閥啟閉特性 18
結(jié) 論 19
謝 辭 20
參考文獻 22