[外文翻譯]傳感器
包括英文原文和中文翻譯


中文：3200字
英文：10000多字



1．傳感器的定義
國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB7665-87對(duì)傳感器下的定義是：“能感受規(guī)定的被測(cè)量并按照一定的規(guī)律轉(zhuǎn)換成可用信號(hào)的器件或裝置，通常由敏感元件和轉(zhuǎn)換元件組成”。傳感器是一種檢測(cè)裝置，能感受到被測(cè)量的信息，并能將檢測(cè)感受到的信息，按一定規(guī)律變換成為電信號(hào)或其他所需形式的信息輸出，以滿足信息的傳輸、處理、存儲(chǔ)、顯示、記錄和控制等要求。它是實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)檢測(cè)和自動(dòng)控制的首要環(huán)節(jié)。
2．傳感器的分類
可以用不同的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)傳感器進(jìn)行分類：它們的轉(zhuǎn)換原理(傳感器工作的基本物理或化學(xué)效應(yīng))，它們的用途，它們的輸出信號(hào)類型以及制作它們的材料和工藝等。
根據(jù)傳感器工作原理，可分為物理傳感器和化學(xué)傳感器二大類：
物理傳感器應(yīng)用的是物理效應(yīng)，諸如壓電效應(yīng)，磁致伸縮現(xiàn)象，離化、極化、熱電、光電、磁電等效應(yīng)。被測(cè)信號(hào)量的微小變化都將轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)。




Sensor
1．The definition of sensors
National standard GB7665-87 under the sensor is the definition: "feelings can be measured under the law and in accordance with a certain signal can be converted into the device or devices, usually from sensitive components and conversion components composition." Sensor is a detection device, can feel the information was measurement and detection can feel the information, according to the law must transform into electrical signals or other information in the form of output required to meet the information transmission, processing, storage, display , Records and control requirements. It is for automatic detection and control of the first session.
2．The classification of the sensor
Different points of view can be used to classify the sensor: the conversion of their principle (the basic sensor physical or chemical effects); their use of their output signal types and the production of their materials and processes, and so on.