直流電機控制系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)論文
1.1萬字    29頁


目 錄
一、引言 -------------------------------------------------------5
二、設計方案比較與分析 ----------------------------------6
   1、電機速度控制模塊 ----------------------------------6
   2、電機測速模塊  --------------------------------------7
   3、電機速度顯示模塊 ---------------------------------8
三 、系統(tǒng)設計與分析 -------------------------------------9
   1 、系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設計與分析 -------------------9
   2 、系統(tǒng)的軟件設計 ---------------------------------14
四 、測試結果與分析 ------------------------------------16
五 、結論 ----------------------------------------------------16
參考文獻-----------------------------------------------------17
附錄1 、系統(tǒng)硬件電路原理圖--------------------------------18
附錄2 、系統(tǒng)程序 ----------------------------------------------19

摘要
當今，自動化控制系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)在各行各業(yè)得到了廣泛的應用和發(fā)展，而直流驅動控制作為電氣傳動的主流在現(xiàn)代化生產中起著主要作用。長期以來，直流電動機因其轉速調節(jié)比較靈活，方法簡單，易于大范圍平滑調速，控制性能好等特點，一直在傳動領域占有統(tǒng)治地位。它廣泛應用于數(shù)控機床、工業(yè)機器人等工廠自動化設備中。隨著現(xiàn)代化生產規(guī)模的不斷擴大，各個行業(yè)對直流電機的需求愈益增大，并對其性能提出了更高的要求。為此，研究并制造高性能、高可靠性的直流電機控制系統(tǒng)有著十分重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
    本文設計開發(fā)了一套基于單片機的直流電機多速控制器，作為其配套的試驗裝置。論文根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的要求完成了整體方案設計和系統(tǒng)選型，針對所設計的控制方案對控制系統(tǒng)的軟、硬件設計作了詳細論述。硬件部分先作了整體設計，然后介紹了以AT89S52單片機為核心的硬件構成，對調速電路、測量電路、閉環(huán)檢測電路和顯示電路等作了詳細闡述;軟件部分采用模塊化設計思想，編制了各個模塊的流程圖。論述了軟件的設計思想和方法;實現(xiàn)了對直流電動機轉動參數(shù)的設置、啟動、停止、加速、減速、正轉、反轉和顯示等功能。利用AT89S52芯片進行低成本直流電動機控制系統(tǒng)的設計，能夠簡化系統(tǒng)構成、降低系統(tǒng)成本、增強系統(tǒng)性能、滿足更多應用場合的需要。
  針對直流電機運行環(huán)境惡劣、干擾嚴重的特點，從系統(tǒng)的硬件設計、軟件設計等多方面進行抗干擾的綜合考慮，并利用多種軟件和硬件技術來提高和改善系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力，有效地提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性和實用性。運行結果表明，系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了電機的高精度多速度控制，達到了性能指標要求。

Abstract
     Nowadays，automatic control systems have been widely used and developed in every aspect of life. As the artery in the area of electric drive systems, DC drivers become more and more important modern production. For a long time, DC motor has possessed the main role in the area of electric drive because of its neatly adjustment, simple method and smooth timing in a wide range,besides,its control performance is excellent. DC motor is widely used on the automatic equipments ,such as CNC and industrial robot. As the scale of production becomes larger and larger the demand and requirements become higher and higher,so the research on improving the DC controlling system behavior has important sense.
     This paper system of DC motor multiple speeds based on STCMCU is designed,as its necessary test equipment. It finished the total project design of system and model selection. The hardware and software design of the system according to the preceding solutions are discussed detailed. For the hardware part after a dissertation on the whole design，the core hardware of the control system is the STCMCU,the paper introduced the details of some hardware problem，including input circuit of keyboard，serial communication circuit, measure circuit, D/A switching circuit and display circuit and so on. The method of software planning for it is also discussed. For the software part，with the introduction of modular design concept some procedure flow charts of main program subroutine are offered. The paper designs the software which achieves the functions，such as install parameters, download parameters，startup stop accelerate and decelerate. This new family of STC enables cost—effective design of controllers for DC motors which can fulfill more conditions，consisting of Fewer system components, lower system cost and increased performances.
  Aiming at the characteristic of bed environment and serious disturbance，many Kinds of software and hardware technology are applied to improve systematic Anti—interference ability，which comprehensively improve systematic dependability and practicability.  It has been proved by experiments that this system can make the high precise and multiple speed motor control come true. Stepping out the performance index is realized. Now this system has been put into experiment.
關鍵字   AT89S52，PWM，電機控制