煤氣警報(bào)器設(shè)計(jì)

摘  要

當(dāng)今社會(huì)上，出現(xiàn)了許多煤氣報(bào)警器，而這些產(chǎn)品大都是針對(duì)煤氣的泄漏所做出的相應(yīng)的報(bào)警，即為家庭式煤氣報(bào)警器。本課題設(shè)計(jì)煤氣報(bào)警采用了AT89S52單片機(jī)為報(bào)警器的核心部件，對(duì)煤氣報(bào)警器進(jìn)行控制。通過(guò)NAP-505電化學(xué)一氧化碳?xì)怏w傳感器對(duì)煤氣進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，將所得的濃度值與設(shè)定濃度值相比較得到偏差。通過(guò)對(duì)偏差信號(hào)的處理獲得控制信號(hào)，發(fā)生報(bào)警信號(hào)，并把報(bào)警通道顯示并儲(chǔ)存在DS12887的RAM中，八個(gè)單元的煤氣濃度對(duì)應(yīng)模擬量利用A/D轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字量，并加入了鍵盤輸入控制，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)家用和工業(yè)煤氣漏氣的監(jiān)控。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)合理，性能安全可靠。

關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī) 煤氣濃度 報(bào)警器
 

Design of the coal gas’ alarm device

ABSTRACT

There are many coal gas alarm’s devices in our lives. These devices will alarm after the coal gas leaking. We call them household or industy appliances. This paper introduces the design of a coal gas alarm’s device that use the AT89S52 SCM as the most important controller. It is a core-components that control the whole programs and circuit of the coal gas alarm’ device. The appliance monitors the density of coal gas with the sensor of NAP-505 and compares the current density with the setting density. We get the control signal through the dealing with the deviation signal and then sent a alarm signal that is memoried in a RAM of DS12887. The analog signal of eight densities of the coal gas are transformed into the digital signal with the A/D converter, in addition which is cotrolled with the keyboard. We can monitor the leak of coal gas in the house or industy. The hardware design of circuits is reasonable and the performance of the coal gas alarm’s device is safe and reliable.
   
Keywords: SCM  Density  Alarm’ device

目  錄
摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II
1  前言 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究意義 2
1.3研究?jī)?nèi)容 2
2  系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 3
2.1方案的選擇 3
2.2系統(tǒng)流程框圖 3
3  硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與傳感器選用 4
3.1主機(jī)部分 4
3.1.1AT89S52單片機(jī) 4
3.1.2DS12887實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘芯片及其電路 6
3.1.3X5045看門狗定時(shí)器及復(fù)位電路 8
3.1.4 電源電路 9
3.2功能模塊部分 9
3.2.1TLC2543的數(shù)據(jù)采集單元 10
3.2.2HD7279的人機(jī)接口電路模塊 12
3.2.3數(shù)據(jù)處理模塊 15
3.2.4聲光報(bào)警模塊 16
3.2.5ISP下載電路DIY 17
3.3傳感器的選用 18
3.3.1NAP-505型電化學(xué)式傳感器 19
3.3.2MQ-9半導(dǎo)體氣體傳感器 20
3.4硬件設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié) 22
4  軟件設(shè)計(jì) 23
4.1主程序設(shè)計(jì) 23
4.1.1初始化程序和主程序 23
4.1.2中斷服務(wù)程序 27
4.2功能實(shí)現(xiàn)主要子程序 28
4.2.1采集程序 28
4.2.2數(shù)據(jù)處理模塊 30
4.2.3報(bào)警記錄和報(bào)警模塊 31
4.2.4人機(jī)對(duì)話子程序設(shè)計(jì) 31
4.3小結(jié) 34
5  系統(tǒng)調(diào)試與分析 35
5.1硬件焊接與調(diào)試 35
5.2軟件調(diào)試 36
5.3系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 38
5.4小結(jié) 39
參考文獻(xiàn) 40
附  錄1 程序源代碼 41
附  錄2 焊接實(shí)物圖 56
附  錄3 元器件清單 58
謝  辭 60